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SOLAK Solar Panel Sunrise
SOLAK Icon HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

Intelligent Watering, Powered by the Sun.

SOLAK monitors, schedules, and hydrates — completely off the grid.

Solar Array
5.4V Active
18650 Battery
3.94V (94%)
🕒
DS3231 RTC
Synced 0.00s
02 // Hardware Exploded View

Hardware Component Exploded View

01. Solar Array 02. TP4056 IC 03. 18650 Battery 04. DS3231 RTC 05. ESP32 MCU 06. 5V Relay
STEP 01 // ENERGY HARVEST

Photovoltaic Solar Panel

What it does: Converts ambient sunlight into 4.5V – 6.0V direct current (DC) photovoltaic energy during daylight hours.

➔ WHERE IT GOES: Directs raw DC energy straight into the TP4056 module input pins (IN+ / IN-).
Output Voltage:5.5V Peak DC
Cell Chemistry:Monocrystalline Silicon
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STEP 03 // ENERGY STORAGE

18650 Li-Ion Reserve Cell

What it does: Stores 3300mAh of energy to continuously power the off-grid node through night cycles and overcast days.

➔ WHERE IT GOES: Supplies steady 3.7V power to the ESP32 power bus and DS3231 RTC clock module.
Capacity:3300 mAh (3.7V Nominal)
Operating Window:3.2V (Min) – 4.2V (Max)
STEP 05 // COMPUTE CORE

ESP32 Dual-Core Microcontroller

What it does: Wakes from 10µA micro-amp deep sleep, evaluates RTC schedules, checks soil moisture sensors, and executes pump logic.

➔ WHERE IT GOES: Outputs a 5V digital HIGH control signal to trigger the optocoupler relay gate.
Processor:Dual-Core 240MHz Xtensa
Deep Sleep Draw:10µA Micro-Amps
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STEP 02 // VOLTAGE REGULATION

TP4056 Solar Charger IC

What it does: Regulates fluctuating solar panel DC voltage and controls constant-current/constant-voltage (CC/CV) lithium charging.

➔ WHERE IT GOES: Delivers regulated 4.2V charging current directly into the 18650 Li-Ion cell.
Charge Cut-Off:4.2V ± 1.5%
Protection IC:DW01 + 8205A MOSFET
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STEP 04 // HARDWARE SCHEDULER

DS3231 Precision RTC

What it does: Maintains temperature-compensated TCXO millisecond-accurate time without Wi-Fi connectivity or RTC battery drain.

➔ WHERE IT GOES: Fires a hardware SQW alarm pin interrupt to wake the ESP32 MCU from deep sleep.
Time Accuracy:± 2ppm (Zero Drift)
Interface:I2C Address 0x68
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STEP 06 // WATER DELIVERY

5V Optocoupler Relay & Pump

What it does: Optically isolates high pump current, preventing electrical noise and reverse-EMF voltage spikes from affecting the microchip.

➔ WHERE IT GOES: Drives the submersible water pump to deliver 2.0 Liters/Min of water to plants.
Isolation:Optocoupler Light Barrier
Flow Rate:2.0 Liters / Minute
03 // SPATIAL 3D MOBILE EXPERIENCE

Total Control, Right From Your Pocket

SCREEN 01 // DASHBOARD

Command Center

Real-time soil hydration meters, quick-trigger manual pump actuation, and active system status readouts.

⚡ MANUAL PUMP OVERRIDES ACTIVE
SCREEN 03 // SCHEDULER

Schedules & Hardware Config

Program millisecond-accurate RTC alarm interrupts, set auto-hydration windows, and adjust moisture thresholds.

🕒 ZERO DRIFT RTC ALARMS SYNCED
SOLAK
BOOTING ECOSYSTEM...
Command Center Screen Energy Analytics Screen Settings & Schedules Screen
SCREEN 02 // TELEMETRY

Solar & Energy Analytics

Track photovoltaic solar panel output voltage, 18650 lithium battery state-of-charge, and historical power trends.

☀ 5.5V PHOTOVOLTAIC HARVESTING
HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE

Engineered for Resilience.

Built with industrial grade components to withstand outdoor UV exposure, wide temperature swings, and zero grid connectivity.

Zero Drift Hardware Real-Time Clock
Deep Sleep Micro-Amp Power Draw
Robust Off-Grid Actuation Circuitry

Hardware deep sleep reduces power draw to under 15 micro-amps between irrigation cycles. The TP4056 charge management module continuously safely tops up the 3300mAh Li-ion battery.

Automatic Soft-AP Captive Portal provisions Wi-Fi credentials effortlessly. If Wi-Fi goes offline, the node autonomously operates using stored RTC hardware schedules.

Low-power hardware alarm interrupts wake the microchip instantly when watering triggers, ensuring reliable zero-latency execution.